Centro de Documentação da PJ
Monografia
 CD115 |
Urban street gang enforcement [Documento electrónico].- Washington, DC : Bureau of Justice Assistance, 1999.- 1 CD-ROM ; 12 cm. - (NCJ 161845)
Ficheiro de 406 Kb em formato pdf (133 p.). Também disponível em: http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles/161845.pdf. Acedido a 6 de Janeiro de 2011.
GANG DE RUA, VIOLÊNCIA URBANA, PREVENÇÃO DA VIOLÊNCIA, CRIME VIOLENTO, ESTADOS UNIDOS
Executive summary. Chapter 1 Introduction. Focus on law enforcement. Urban street gang program. Gang problems addressed by this prototype. Varying levels of law enforcement resources. Chapter 2 Key elements of the gang suppression prototype. Planning and analysis. Gang information and intelligence systems. Gang suppression strategies and tactics. Interagency cooperation and collaboration. Legal issues. Evaluation. Chapter 3 Planning and analysis. The need for common definitions. Analysis. Types of analysis. Levels of analysis. Assessment of criminal gang activity. The nature and extent of the gang problem. Gang patterns and trends. The environment. The jurisdiction as a whole. Targeted neighborhoods. Information sources. Inventory of resources. Implementation and management plan. Department organizational issues. Goals, objectives, and strategies. Communication and publicity. Training. Evaluation. Chapter 4 Gang information and intelligence systems. Importance of the gang database. Overcoming denial. Targeting gangs. Selecting suppression strategies and tactics. Increasing officer safety. Tracking gang mobility. Determining content of the gang database. How gang-related definitions affect database content. Gang-related crime versus gang-motivated crime. Gang members versus gang “wannabes”. Data elements for intelligence and management. Strategic, tactical, and managerial information needs. Legal requirements. Manual versus automated systems. Database information sources. Patrol officers. Gang specialists. Confidential informants. Other criminal justice agencies. Community organizations and agencies. Outside databases. Regional information sharing systems. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms. Gang reporting, evaluation, and tracking. Regional databases. Disseminating gang information. Within the agency. To other criminal justice agencies. Chapter 5 Gang suppression operations and tactics. Developing strategies based on gang intelligence. Street gang classifications and characteristics: Asian street gangs. Hispanic gangs. Crips and bloods. Jamaican posses. Chicago gangs. Other street gangs. Other criminal gangs. Implications of gang characteristics for law enforcement strategies. Language and cultural barriers. Control of geographic areas. Insulation of adult leaders. Knowledge of police operations and policies. Hidden wealth. Status as illegal residents. Aggressive attempts to organize local gangs. An overview of suppression tactics. Use of confidential informants and undercover officers. Confidential informants. Undercover officers. Surveillance/arrest, buy/bust, and reverse sting operations. Surveillance/arrest. Buy/bust. Reverse stings. Interdiction, barriers, sweeps, and warrant execution. Interdiction. Barriers. Sweeps. Execution of warrants. Other investigative approaches. Surveillance. Followup investigations. Task forces. Other approaches. Suppression through patrol. Directed patrol. Community-oriented policing. Suppression through enforcement of codes and abatement ordinances. Chapter 6 Interagency cooperation and collaboration. Police-prosecutor cooperation. Vertical prosecution. Early involvement and advice. Managing and protecting witnesses. Coordination with probation and parole. Coordination with corrections and the courts. Alerting officials to gang arrests. Court security. Cooperation with the crime laboratory. Cooperation with federal agencies. Chapter 7 Legal issues. Criminal code law enforcement. Traditional criminal code provisions. Innovative law enforcement provisions. Racketeering enterprise laws. Street gang laws. Enhanced punishment. Aiding and abetting. Law enforcement action. Police gang suppression operations. The terry stop. Arrest. Criminal investigations. Confidential informants. Undercover officers. Drug buys and sales. Forced entry. Surveillance. Interdiction. Roadblocks. Traffic stops. Street barriers. Gang information systems. Innovative uses of criminal and civil law. Nuisance abatement. Gang ordinances. Building code requirements. Parental liability. Curfew laws. School regulations. Prosecution issues. Maximum penalties. Cross assignment. Enhancement charges. Juvenile records. Witness intimidation. Witness intimidation laws. Protecting testimony. Victim advocate. Chapter 8 Evaluation. Process evaluation. Describing the program environment. Describing the process. Describing and measuring program operations. Identifying intervening events. Collecting process data. Impact evaluation. Dependent variables. Comparison or control groups. Basic evaluation procedures. Carefully state the hypothesized effects. Identify possible unintended effects. Define measurement criteria. Determine appropriate time periods. Monitor program implementation. Collect data systematically. Analyze data. Replicate the program. Endnotes. Appendix A Bibliography. Appendix B Sources for further information and technical Assistance.