Centro de Documentação da PJ
Monografia
 CD143 |
Understanding cybercrime [Documento electrónico] : a guide for developing countries / Marco Gercke.- Geneva : ICT Applications and Cybersecurity Division. Policies and Strategies Department. ITU Telecommunication Development Sector, 2009.- 1 CD-ROM ; 12 cm
Draft April 2009. Ficheiro de 2,98 Mb em formato pdf (225 p.). Também disponível através de: http://www.itu.int/oth/D010B000007/. Acedido a 15 de Julho de 2011.
CRIME INFORMÁTICO, PIRATARIA INFORMÁTICA, GUIA DE INFORMAÇÃO, INTERCEPÇÃO DAS COMUNICAÇÕES, SEGURANÇA INFORMÁTICA, PROTECÇÃO E SEGURANÇA DE DADOS, DIREITO DE AUTOR, CIBERTERRORISMO, INFORMÁTICA, LEGISLAÇÃO PENAL
1. INTRODUCTlON - 1.1. Infrastructure and services. 1.2. Advantages and risks. 1.3. Cybersecurity and cybercrime. 1.4. International dimensions of cybercrime. 1.5. Consequences for developing countries. 2. THE PHENOMENA OF CYBERCRIME - 2.1. Definitions of cybercrime. 2.2. Typology of cybercrime. 2.3. Statistical indicators on cybercrime offences. 2.4. Offences against the confidentiality, integrity and availability of computer data and systems. 2.4.1. Illegal access (hacking, cracking). 2.4.2. Data espionage. 2.4.3. Illegal interception. 2.4.4. Data interference. 2.4.5. System interference. 2.5. Content-related offences. 2.5.1. Erotic or pornographic material (excluding child-pornography). 2.5.2. Child pornography. 2.5.3. Racism, hate speech, glorification of violence. 2.5.4. Religious offences. 2.5.5. Illegal gambling and online games. 2.5.6. Libel and false information. 2.5.7. Spam and related threats. 2.5.8. Other forms of illegal content. 2.6. Copyright- and Trademark-related offences. 2.6.1. Copyright-related offences. 2.6.2. Trademark-related offences. 2.7. Computer-related offences. 2.7.1. Fraud and computer-related fraud. 2.7.2. Computer-related forgery. 2.7.3. Identity theft. 2.7.4. Misuse of devices. 2.8. Combination offences. 2.8.1. Cyberterrorism. 2.8.2. Cyberwarfare. 2.8.3. Cyberlaundering. 2.8.4. Phishing. 2.9. Economic impact of cybercrime. 2.9.1. An overview of results of selected surveys. 2.9.2. Difficulties related to cybercrime statistics. 3. THE CHALLENGES OF FIGHTING CYBERCRIME - 3.1. Opportunities. 3.2. General challenges. 3.2.1. Reliance on ICTs. 3.2.2. Number of users. 3.2.3. Availability of devices and access. 3.2.4. Availability of information. 3.2.5. Missing mechanisms of control. 3.2.6. International dimensions. 3.2.7. Independence of location and presence at the crime site. 3.2.8. Automation. 3.2.9. Resources. 3.2.10. Speed of data exchange processes. 3.2.11. Speed of development. 3.2.12. Anonymous communications 3.2.13. Encryption technology. 3.2.14. Summary. 3.3. Legal challenges. 3.3.1. Challenges in drafting national criminal laws. 3.3.2. New offences. 3.3.3. Increasing use of ICTs and the need for new investigative instruments. 3.3.4. Developing procedures for digital evidence. 4. ANTI-CYBERCRIME STRATEGIES - 4.1. Cybercrime legislation as a part of a Cybersecurity Strategy. 4.2. Implementation of existing strategies. 4.3. Regional differences. 4.4. Relevance of cybercrime issues within the pillars of cybersecurity. 4.4.1. Legal measures. 4.4.2. Technical and procedural measures. 4.4.3. Organizational structures. 4.4.4. Capacity building and user education. 4.4.5. International cooperation. 5. OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATIVE APPROACHES - 5.1. International approaches. 5.1.1. The G8. 5.1.2. United Nations. 5.1.3. International Telecommunication Union. 5.1.4. Council of Europe. 5.2. Regional approaches. 5.2.1. European Union. 5.2.2. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 5.2.3. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. 5.2.4. The Commonwealth. 5.2.5. The Arab League and Gulf Cooperation Council. 5.2.6. Organisation of American States. 5.3. Scientific approaches. 5.4. The relationship between different international and legislative approaches. 5.5. The relationship between international and national legislative approaches. 5.5.1. Reasons for the popularity of national approaches. 5.5.2. International vs. National solutions. 5.5.3. Difficulties of national approaches. 6. LEGAL RESPONSE - 6.1. Substantive Criminal Law. 6.1.1. Illegal access (Hacking). 6.1.2. Data espionage. 6.1.3. Illegal interception. 6.1.4. Data interference. 6.1.5. System interference. 6.1.6. Erotic or pornographic material. 6.1.7. Child pornography. 6.1.8. Hate speech, racism. 6.1.9. Religious offences. 6.1.10. Illegal gambling. 6.1.11. Libel and defamation. 6.1.12. Spam 6.1.13. Misuse of devices. 6.1.14. Computer-related forgery. 6.1.15. Identity theft. 6.1.16. Computer-related fraud. 6.1.17. Copyright crimes. 6.2. Procedural law. 6.2.1. Introduction. 6.2.2. Computer and internet investigations (Computer Forensics). 6.2.3. Safeguards. 6.2.4. Expedited preservation and disclosure of stored computer data (Quick Freeze). 6.2.5. Data retention. 6.2.6. Search and seizure. 6.2.7. Production order. 6.2.8. Real time collection of data. 6.2.9. Collection of traffic data. 6.2.10. Interception of content data. 6.2.11. Regulation regarding encryption technology. 6.2.12. Remote forensic software. 6.2.13. Authorisation requirement. 6.3. International cooperation. 6.3.1. Introduction. 6.3.2. General principles for international cooperation. 6.3.3. Extradition. 6.3.4. General principles of mutual assistance. 6.3.5. Procedures pertaining to mutual assistance requests in the absence of applicable international agreements. 6.3.6. Mutual assistance regarding provisional measures. 6.3.7. Transborder access to stored computer data. 6.3.8. 24/7 Network of contacts. 6.3.9. International cooperation in the Stanford Draft Convention. 6.4. Liability of internet providers. 6.4.1. Introduction. 6.4.2. The United States Approach. 6.4.3. European Union Directive on Electronic Commerce. 6.4.4. Liability of Access Provider (European Union Directive). 6.4.5. Liability for Caching (European Union Directive). 6.4.6. Liability of Hosting Provider (European Union Directive). 6.4.7. Exclusion of the Obligation to Monitor (European Union Directive). 6.4.8. Liability for Hyperlinks (Austrian ECC). 6.4.9. Liability of search engines. 7. LEGAL REFERENCES.