Centro de Documentação da PJ
Monografia
 CD224 |
Manual for investigators [Documento electrónico] / The Interpol Working Group on Trafficking in Women for Sexual Exploitation.- [Lyon] : INTERPOL, 2002.- 1 CD-ROM ; 12 cm
Presented and approved at the 3rd meeting of the Group - Lyon (France) 6–8 March 2002. Publicação disponível em cinco línguas (7,44 Mb em formato pdf, documento em versão inglesa - 166 p.)
GUIA DE INFORMAÇÃO, TRÁFICO DE MULHERES, TÉCNICA DE INVESTIGAÇÃO CRIMINAL, INFORMAÇÃO CRIMINAL, COOPERAÇÃO POLICIAL
SECTION ONE. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Background. The Critical concepts. 1.2 Trafficking methodology – An overview. Background. Who are the victims? Who are the traffickers? What are the crimes? What is the modus operandi? The Recruitment stage. Transportation stage. Exploitation stage. Criminal liability. 1.3 Counter-trafficking legislation – An overview. International Conventions. Diversity of national legislation. SECTION TWO. Investigative principles. 2.1 General investigative principles. 2.2 The investigative options. Reactive victim led investigative option. "Best practice" principles. Proactive investigative option. The "Achilles Heel". The investigative focus. Joint proactive operations. The key points. The golden rules. Parallel financial investigation. Use and co-ordination during the proactive, pre-arrest phase. Additional benefits. Specialist assistance. Disruptive investigative option. Key points. SECTION THREE. Intelligence-gathering and exchange and international co-operation. Introduction. 3.1 Intelligence-gathering and exchange. Methodology. Limitations. Philosophy and shortcomings. The need for a broad-based approach to intelligence-gathering. Why is intelligence-gathering and exchange of critical importance? Value of strategic intelligence. Value of tactical intelligence. What type of intelligence is required and how can it be obtained?. Thematic strategic intelligence. Operational Intelligence. Areas of operational intelligence-gathering activity. Ownership or rental agreements. Financial transactions. How to obtain the intelligence. Sources of raw intelligence. In-depth intelligence development. In-depth intelligence-gathering activity. How should the intelligence be classified, evaluated and disseminated. Intelligence Formatting – Key Data. Classification, evaluation and dissemination. The role and value of Interpol's intelligence capacity. Interpol handling and dissemination policy – a critical factor. Specific dissemination restrictions. Computerized Intelligence "Coding”. How should the intelligence be exchanged? To whom should the intelligence be sent? Intelligence exchange with inter-governmental and non-governmental organizations. Formal protocols of exchange. International co-operation. Different forms of international co-operation. Extradition applications. Mutual Legal Assistance – Letters rogatory. The "Golden Rules”. Direct bilateral or multilateral contact. Practical considerations. Risks and rules. Levels of authority. Format of the direct request. Security considerations. Urgent cases. Cases where direct contact is not viable. Cases where direct bilateral or multilateral contact is viable. SECTION FOUR. The Victim and the Victim as a Witness. 4.1 The Victim. Risk assessment. Categories of victim. Risk levels. Six critical questions. Immediate intervention. The victim’s response. The immediate needs of the victim. 4.2 the investigator’s dilemma – Prosecution, status and repatriation. 4.3 Repatriation support for non-co-operating victims. Victims who provide limited co-operation. Additional risks. Recording the intelligence. Co-operating victims. The key decision. 4.4 Law Enforcement and other Governmental personnel. 4.5 The timing of the risk assessment process. Record keeping. Key points in record keeping. 4.6 The victim as a witness. Sequence of key issues to be addressed. The immediate medical, psychological and welfare needs of the victim. Welfare needs – non-governmental organization assistance. The victim's rights and the investigator’s responsibility. Scheduling recording of the evidence. Sexual and/or physical assault - immediate forensic medical examination. Investigator’s responsibility. Forensic medical examination – choice and consent. Experienced examiner and cross-contamination. 4.7 The current and on-going status of the victim in the country concerned. Status – malicious allegations. Transparency and documentation. 4.8 Obtaining the evidence. General best practice points. Interview conditions and the interviewer. Interview methodology. Recording format. Statements made using a pseudonym. Dual purpose and risks. Immunity from judicial disclosure. Access statements – Certificate. Statement – Certificate. Video-recorded evidence. Specific investigative points. The two objectives of the interview. Layout of the checklist. Using the checklists. Final points – Impact of the crime. Credibility of the victim and corroboration of the evidence. Tracking the Story Back. Identifying the facts to be corroborated. Corroboration of evidence of physical injuries. Corroboration of descriptions. Documentary corroboration – primary sources. Documentary corroboration – secondary sources. Miscellaneous sources of corroboration. Multi-agency sources of corroboration. Two security threats. 4.9 On-going security and witness protection issues. Two types of witness protection. Basic principles. Full witness protection programme. Composite schemes. Refuges. Additional support measures. Personal responsibility of the victim. Risk of reversion to prostitution. Communications with her family. Agreements between law enforcement agencies and non-governmental organizations providing refuge and support. The German model agreement – an example. Counselling service. Other best practice points. 4.10 The specially assigned officer and contact books. 4.11 Integrity issues. 4.12 The trial process and "live" testimony. 4.13 Victim support measures. Pre-trial court visits. Victim support measures - Court escorts. Victim support measures – Entering the court building and privacy. Victim support measures – Refreshing the memory. Post-trial issues. Repatriation – returning home. Assessment process – the Investigator's responsibility. De-briefing the victim. SECTION FIVE. Specialist Investigative Techniques. 5.1 Reactive Investigative Methods – Victim-led. General points. Possible responses. Immediate intervention. 5.2 Proactive Investigation – Intelligence-led. The pre-arrest phase. Management of proactive operations. Decision logging. Proactive tactics. Continuous enquiries. Security and compliance issues. Specific evidence gathering techniques. Surveillance corroboration. What sort of evidence are the techniques seeking to establish? General points of best practice. Intrusive technical surveillance. Undercover officers – best practice points. Test-purchase officers. Safety issues. Controlled payments. Cash payments. Cheque or credit card payments. Controlled deliveries. Potential risks. Acute Risk Assessment. Point of intervention. Controlled deliveries – best practice points. Corroboration of evidence. The Arrest Phase. Importance of the "minor players". The timing. Co-ordination factors. 5.3 Resources. 5.4 The arrest operation. 5.5 Search and seizure. 5.6 Video or photographic filming. 5.7 Items sought. 5.8 Additional best practice points. 5.9 140. 5.10 Seizure of computers and IT equipment. 5.11 The interview process. The post-arrest phase. Post-arrest sources of evidence. Advertisements. Rentals. Transportation. Identification documents. Travel documents. Communications. Financial transactions. 5.12 Disruptive Investigation Methods. Best practice points.