Centro de Documentação da PJ
Analítico de Periódico

CD 324
PROFILING AND IMAGING OF FORENSIC EVIDENCE
Profiling and imaging of forensic evidence [Recurso eletrónico] : a pan-European forensic round robin study part 1 : document forgery / Thomas Fischer ..[et al.]
Science & Justice, Vol. 62, n. 4 (2022), p. 433–447
Outros autores do artigo: Martina Marchetti-Deschmann, Ana Cristina Assis, Martina Marchetti-Deschmann, Manuel Algarra, Marko Barac, Iva Bogdanovic Radovic, Flavio Cicconi, Britt Claes, Nunzianda Frascione, Sony George, Alexandra Guedes, Cameron Heaton, Ron Heeren, Violeta Lazic, José Luis Lerma, Maria del Valle Martinez de Yuso Garcia, Martin Nosko, John O’Hara, Ilze Oshina, Antonio Palucci, Aleksandra Pawlaczyk, Kristýna Zelená Pospísková, Marcel de Puit, Ksenija Radodic, Mara Repele, Mimoza Ristova, Francesco Saverio Romolo, Ivo Safarík, Zdravko Siketic, Janis Spigulis, Malgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jozwik, Andrei Tsiatsiuyeu, Joanna Vella, Lorna Dawson, Stefan Rödiger, Simona Francese. Ficheiro de 7,48 MB em formato PDF.


FALSIFICAÇÃO DE DOCUMENTO, IMPRESSÃO GRÁFICA, TINTA DE IMPRESSÃO, ANÁLISE LABORATORIAL, MICROSCOPIA ELECTRÓNICA

The forensic scenario, on which the round robin study was based, simulated a suspected intentional manipulation of a real estate rental agreement consisting of a total of three pages. The aims of this study were to (i) establish the amount and reliability of information extractable from a single type of evidence and to (ii) provide suggestions on the most suitable combination of compatible techniques for a multi-modal imaging approach to forgery detection. To address these aims, seventeen laboratories from sixteen countries were invited to answer the following tasks questions: (i) which printing technique was used? (ii) were the three pages printed with the same printer? (iii) were the three pages made from the same paper? (iv) were the three pages originally stapled? (v) were the headings and signatures written with the same ink? and (vi) were headings and signatures of the same age on all pages? The methods used were classified into the following categories: Optical spectroscopy, including multispectral imaging, smartphone mapping, UV-luminescence and LIBS; Infrared spectroscopy, including Raman and FTIR (micro-)spectroscopy; X-ray spectroscopy, including SEM-EDX, PIXE and XPS; Mass spectrometry, including ICPMS, SIMS, MALDI and LDIMS; Electrostatic imaging, as well as non-imaging methods, such as non-multimodal visual inspection, (micro-)spectroscopy, physical testing and thin layer chromatography. The performance of the techniques was evaluated as the proportion of discriminated sample pairs to all possible sample pairs. For the undiscriminated sample pairs, a distinction was made between undecidability and false positive claims. It was found that none of the methods used were able to solve all tasks completely and/or correctly and that certain methods were a priori judged unsuitable by the laboratories for some tasks. Correct results were generally achieved for the discrimination of printer toners, whereas incorrect results in the discrimination of inks. For the discrimination of paper, solid state analytical methods proved to be superior to mass spectrometric methods. None of the participating laboratories deemed addressing ink age feasible. It was concluded that correct forensic statements can only be achieved by the complementary application of different methods and that the classical approach of round robin studies to send standardised subsamples to the participants is not feasible for a true multimodal approach if the techniques are not available at one location.